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A divisor, also called a factor, of a number n is a number d which divides n (written d|n). For integers, only positive divisors are usually considered, though obviously the ...

A double bubble is pair of bubbles which intersect and are separated by a membrane bounded by the intersection. The usual double bubble is illustrated in the left figure ...

An equilateral triangle is a triangle with all three sides of equal length a, corresponding to what could also be known as a "regular" triangle. An equilateral triangle is ...

erf(z) is the "error function" encountered in integrating the normal distribution (which is a normalized form of the Gaussian function). It is an entire function defined by ...

An error-correcting code is an algorithm for expressing a sequence of numbers such that any errors which are introduced can be detected and corrected (within certain ...

A theorem sometimes called "Euclid's first theorem" or Euclid's principle states that if p is a prime and p|ab, then p|a or p|b (where | means divides). A corollary is that ...

The excentral triangle, also called the tritangent triangle, of a triangle DeltaABC is the triangle J=DeltaJ_AJ_BJ_C with vertices corresponding to the excenters of DeltaABC. ...

The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a discrete Fourier transform algorithm which reduces the number of computations needed for N points from 2N^2 to 2NlgN, where lg is the ...

A Fibonacci prime is a Fibonacci number F_n that is also a prime number. Every F_n that is prime must have a prime index n, with the exception of F_4=3. However, the converse ...

The floor function |_x_|, also called the greatest integer function or integer value (Spanier and Oldham 1987), gives the largest integer less than or equal to x. The name ...