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A Goldbach number is a positive integer that is the sum of two odd primes (Li 1999). Let E(x) (the "exceptional set of Goldbach numbers") denote the number of even numbers ...

Goldberg polyhedra are convex polyhedra first described by Goldberg (1937) and classified in more detail by Hart (2013) for which each face is a regular pentagon or regular ...

Nice approximations for the golden ratio phi are given by phi approx sqrt((5pi)/6) (1) approx (7pi)/(5e), (2) the last of which is due to W. van Doorn (pers. comm., Jul. 18, ...

Two distinct knots cannot have the same exterior. Or, equivalently, a knot is completely determined by its knot exterior (Cipra 1988; Adams 1994, p. 261). The question was ...

Gram's law (Hutchinson 1925; Edwards 2001, pp. 125, 127, and 171) is the tendency for zeros of the Riemann-Siegel function Z(t) to alternate with Gram points. Stated more ...

The circumference of a graph is the length of any longest cycle in a graph. Hamiltonian graphs on n>1 vertices therefore have circumference of n. For a cyclic graph, the ...

The complement of a graph G, sometimes called the edge-complement (Gross and Yellen 2006, p. 86), is the graph G^', sometimes denoted G^_ or G^c (e.g., Clark and Entringer ...

The energy of a graph is defined as the sum of the absolute values of its graph eigenvalues (i.e., the sum of its graph spectrum terms). Other varieties of graph energy are ...

In Season 4 episode "Black Swan" of the television crime drama NUMB3RS, the character Amita Ramanujan refers to graph entropies when studying a map of the Los Angeles while ...

An orientation of an undirected graph G is an assignment of exactly one direction to each of the edges of G. Only connected, bridgeless graphs can have a strong orientation ...