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The nth raw moment mu_n^' (i.e., moment about zero) of a distribution P(x) is defined by mu_n^'=<x^n>, (1) where <f(x)>={sumf(x)P(x) discrete distribution; intf(x)P(x)dx ...

A separable extension K of a field F is one in which every element's algebraic number minimal polynomial does not have multiple roots. In other words, the minimal polynomial ...

A "curve" (i.e., a continuous map of a one-dimensional interval) into a two-dimensional area (a plane-filling function) or a three-dimensional volume.

An acnode, also called an isolated point or hermit point, of a curve is a point that satisfies the equation of the curve but has no neighboring points that also lie on the ...

A quartic curve that resembles the symbol for the zodiacal sign Capricorn given by the implicit equation a^2x^2(x^2+y^2)-b(ay-x^2-y^2)^2=0, where a>0, b>a^2. The curve ...

The class m, curve order n, number of ordinary double points delta, number of cusps kappa, number of inflection points (inflection points) iota, number of bitangents tau, and ...

A space-filling function which maps a one-dimensional interval into a two-dimensional area. Plane-filling functions were thought to be impossible until Hilbert discovered the ...

The Klein bottle is a closed nonorientable surface of Euler characteristic 0 (Dodson and Parker 1997, p. 125) that has no inside or outside, originally described by Felix ...

The quartic with implicit equation x^4=x^2y-y^3. (1) The bow has vertical tangents at (+/-2/9sqrt(3),2/9) and horizontal tangents at (+/-1/4sqrt(2),1/4). Its curvature is ...

The parallel curves for (outward) offset k of an ellipse with semi-axis lengths a and b are given by x_p = (a+(bk)/(sqrt(a^2sin^2t+b^2cos^2t)))cost (1) y_p = ...