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Diophantus's riddle is a poem that encodes a mathematical problem. In verse, it read as follows: 'Here lies Diophantus,' the wonder behold. Through art algebraic, the stone ...

An idealized coin consists of a circular disk of zero thickness which, when thrown in the air and allowed to fall, will rest with either side face up ("heads" H or "tails" T) ...

The Galton board, also known as a quincunx or bean machine, is a device for statistical experiments named after English scientist Sir Francis Galton. It consists of an ...

A semiperfect magic cube, sometimes also called an "Andrews cube" (Gardner 1976; Gardner 1988, p. 219) is a magic cube for which the cross section diagonals do not sum to the ...

There are several equivalent definitions of a closed set. Let S be a subset of a metric space. A set S is closed if 1. The complement of S is an open set, 2. S is its own set ...

An epsilon-delta definition is a mathematical definition in which a statement on a real function of one variable f having, for example, the form "for all neighborhoods U of ...

A fallacy is an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning. The great Greek geometer Euclid wrote an entire book on geometric ...

In finding the average area A^__R of a triangle chosen from a closed, bounded, convex region R of the plane, then A^__(T(R))=A^__R, for T any nonsingular affine ...

Pick three points P=(x_1,y_1), Q=(x_2,y_2), and R=(x_3,y_3) distributed independently and uniformly in a unit disk K (i.e., in the interior of the unit circle). Then the ...

An obtuse triangle is a triangle in which one of the angles is an obtuse angle. (Obviously, only a single angle in a triangle can be obtuse or it wouldn't be a triangle.) A ...