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The single bar | is a notation variously used to denote the absolute value |x|, complex modulus |z|, vector norm |x|, determinant |A|, or "divides" (a|b).

The function from a given nonempty set X to the power set P(X) that maps every element x of X to the set {x}.

A set having exactly one element a. A singleton set is denoted by {a} and is the simplest example of a nonempty set.

The singular support of a generalized function u is the complement of the largest open set on which u is smooth. Roughly speaking, it is the closed set where the distribution ...

The partial differential equation u_(xt)=sinhu, which contains u_(xt) instead of u_(xx)-u_(tt) and sinhu instead to sinu, as in the sine-Gordon equation (Grauel 1985; ...

The partial differential equation del ^2u+lambda^2sinhu=0, where del ^2 is the Laplacian (Ting et al. 1987; Zwillinger 1997, p. 135).

A curve similar to the sine function but possibly shifted in phase, period, amplitude, or any combination thereof. The general sinusoid of amplitude a, angular frequency ...

The sinusoidal projection is an equal-area projection given by the transformation x = (lambda-lambda_0)cosphi (1) y = phi. (2) The inverse formulas are phi = y (3) lambda = ...

The pedal curve of a sinusoidal spiral r=a[cos(nt)]^(1/n) with pedal point at the center is another sinusoidal spiral with polar equation r=a[cos(nt)]^(1+1/n). A few examples ...

A skew coordinate system is a system of curvilinear coordinates in which each family of surfaces intersects the others at angles other than right angles. Skew coordinate ...