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The Grötzsch graph is smallest triangle-free graph with chromatic number four. It is identical to the Mycielski graph of order four, and is implemented as ...

The hypercube is a generalization of a 3-cube to n dimensions, also called an n-cube or measure polytope. It is a regular polytope with mutually perpendicular sides, and is ...

Consider the plane quartic curve X defined by x^3y+y^3z+z^3x=0, where homogeneous coordinates have been used here so that z can be considered a parameter (the plot above ...

The beautiful arrangement of leaves in some plants, called phyllotaxis, obeys a number of subtle mathematical relationships. For instance, the florets in the head of a ...

A plane partition is a two-dimensional array of integers n_(i,j) that are nonincreasing both from left to right and top to bottom and that add up to a given number n. In ...

The term "square" can be used to mean either a square number ("x^2 is the square of x") or a geometric figure consisting of a convex quadrilateral with sides of equal length ...

An algebraic variety is a generalization to n dimensions of algebraic curves. More technically, an algebraic variety is a reduced scheme of finite type over a field K. An ...

A board is a subset of the polygons determined by a number of (usually regularly spaced and oriented) lines. These polygons form the spaces on which "pieces" can be placed ...

A uniform distribution of points on the circumference of a circle can be obtained by picking a random real number between 0 and 2pi. Picking random points on a circle is ...

There are a number of attractive polyhedron compounds involving four cubes, several of which are illustrated above. The first (left figures), also known as Bakos' compound, ...