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Scan the decimal expansion of a constant (including any digits to the left of the decimal point) until all n-digit strings have been seen (including 0-padded strings). The ...

As proposed by Hosoya (1971), the Hosoya index (also called Z-index) of a graph is defined by Z = sum_(k=0)^(n)|a_k| (1) = sum_(k=0)^(n)b_k, (2) where n is the number of ...

A product involving an infinite number of terms. Such products can converge. In fact, for positive a_n, the product product_(n=1)^(infty)a_n converges to a nonzero number iff ...

A magic square is a square array of numbers consisting of the distinct positive integers 1, 2, ..., n^2 arranged such that the sum of the n numbers in any horizontal, ...

A (v,g)-cage graph is a v-regular graph of girth g having the minimum possible number of nodes. When v is not explicitly stated, the term "g-cage" generally refers to a ...

The Jacobi symbol (a/y)=chi(y) as a number theoretic character can be extended to the Kronecker symbol (f(a)/y)=chi^*(y) so that chi^*(y)=chi(y) whenever chi(y)!=0. When y is ...

A number triangle of order n with entries 1 to n such that entries are nondecreasing across rows and down columns and all entries in column j are less than or equal to j. An ...

The Narayana triangle is the number triangle obtained from the Narayana numbers N(n,k), namely 1 ; 1 1 ; 1 3 1 ; 1 6 6 1 ; 1 10 20 10 1 ; 1 15 50 50 15 1 (OEIS A001263).

A tetractys, also called a tetraktys or decad, is an arrangement of 10 points in the form of a triangle with 1 point in the first row, two in the second, three in the third, ...

Vorobiev's theorem states that if F_l^2|F_k, then F_l|k, where F_n is a Fibonacci number and a|b means a divides b. The theorem was discovered by Vorobiev in 1942, but not ...