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A theorem which effectively describes how lengths, areas, volumes, and generalized n-dimensional volumes (contents) are distorted by differentiable functions. In particular, ...

Given a subset A of a larger set, the characteristic function chi_A, sometimes also called the indicator function, is the function defined to be identically one on A, and is ...

Chebyshev-Gauss quadrature, also called Chebyshev quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with weighting function W(x)=(1-x^2)^(-1/2) (Abramowitz and ...

The points of tangency t_1 and t_2 for the four lines tangent to two circles with centers x_1 and x_2 and radii r_1 and r_2 are given by solving the simultaneous equations ...

The probability P(a,n) that n random arcs of angular size a cover the circumference of a circle completely (for a circle with unit circumference) is ...

An n×n matrix whose rows are composed of cyclically shifted versions of a length-n list l. For example, the 4×4 circulant matrix on the list l={1,2,3,4} is given by C=[4 1 2 ...

The circumcenter of mass is a concept that can be defined by analogy with one of the the constructions for the geometric centroid for the case of polygons. The geometric ...

Clausen's integral, sometimes called the log sine integral (Borwein and Bailey 2003, p. 88) is the n=2 case of the S_2 Clausen function Cl_2(theta) = ...

Coaxal circles are circles whose centers are collinear and that share a common radical line. The collection of all coaxal circles is called a pencil of coaxal circles ...

The cochleoid, whose name means "snail-form" in Latin, was first considered by John Perks as referenced in Wallis et al. (1699). The cochleoid has also been called the oui-ja ...