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Let s_i be the orders of singular points on a curve (Coolidge 1959, p. 56). Harnack's first theorem states that a real irreducible curve of order n cannot have more than ...

A Hessenberg matrix is a matrix of the form [a_(11) a_(12) a_(13) ... a_(1(n-1)) a_(1n); a_(21) a_(22) a_(23) ... a_(2(n-1)) a_(2n); 0 a_(32) a_(33) ... a_(3(n-1)) a_(3n); 0 ...

Given a nonzero finitely generated module M over a commutative Noetherian local ring R with maximal ideal M and a proper ideal I of R, the Hilbert-Samuel function of M with ...

Honaker's problem asks for all consecutive prime number triples (p,q,r) with p<q<r such that p|(qr+1). Caldwell and Cheng (2005) showed that the only Honaker triplets for ...

An invariant set S subset R^n is said to be a C^r (r>=1) invariant manifold if S has the structure of a C^r differentiable manifold (Wiggins 1990, p. 14). When stable and ...

Some elements of a group G acting on a space X may fix a point x. These group elements form a subgroup called the isotropy group, defined by G_x={g in G:gx=x}. For example, ...

Writing a Fourier series as f(theta)=1/2a_0+sum_(n=1)^(m-1)sinc((npi)/(2m))[a_ncos(ntheta)+b_nsin(ntheta)], where m is the last term, reduces the Gibbs phenomenon. The ...

The Landau-Mignotte bound, also known as the Mignotte bound, is used in univariate polynomial factorization to determine the number of Hensel lifting steps needed. It gives ...

Landau (1911) proved that for any fixed x>1, sum_(0<|I[rho]|<=T)x^rho=-T/(2pi)Lambda(x)+O(lnT) as T->infty, where the sum runs over the nontrivial Riemann zeta function zeros ...

The Laplacian spectral ratio R_L(G) of a connected graph G is defined as the ratio of its Laplacian spectral radius to its algebraic connectivity. If a connected graph of ...