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The Gram series is an approximation to the prime counting function given by G(x)=1+sum_(k=1)^infty((lnx)^k)/(kk!zeta(k+1)), (1) where zeta(z) is the Riemann zeta function ...

Jackson's theorem is a statement about the error E_n(f) of the best uniform approximation to a real function f(x) on [-1,1] by real polynomials of degree at most n. Let f(x) ...

Also called Radau quadrature (Chandrasekhar 1960). A Gaussian quadrature with weighting function W(x)=1 in which the endpoints of the interval [-1,1] are included in a total ...

If a matrix A has a matrix of eigenvectors P that is not invertible (for example, the matrix [1 1; 0 1] has the noninvertible system of eigenvectors [1 0; 0 0]), then A does ...

Consider the solid enclosed by the three hyperboloids specified by the inequalities x^2+y^2-z^2 <= 1 (1) y^2+z^2-x^2 <= 1 (2) z^2+x^2-y^2 <= 1. (3) This work dubs this solid ...

Let S(x) denote the number of positive integers not exceeding x which can be expressed as a sum of two squares (i.e., those n<=x such that the sum of squares function ...

An n×n complex matrix A is called positive definite if R[x^*Ax]>0 (1) for all nonzero complex vectors x in C^n, where x^* denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector x. In ...

Hadamard's maximum determinant problem asks to find the largest possible determinant (in absolute value) for any n×n matrix whose elements are taken from some set. Hadamard ...

A 30-60-90 triangle is a right triangle having angles of 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees. For a 30-60-90 triangle with hypotenuse of length a, the legs have lengths b ...

Consider a quadratic equation x^2-sx+p=0 where s and p denote signed lengths. The circle which has the points A=(0,1) and B=(s,p) as a diameter is then called the Carlyle ...