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A Wieferich prime is a prime p which is a solution to the congruence equation 2^(p-1)=1 (mod p^2). (1) Note the similarity of this expression to the special case of Fermat's ...

A pair of prime numbers (p,q) such that p^(q-1)=1 (mod q^2) and q^(p-1)=1 (mod p^2). The only known examples are (2, 1093), (3, 1006003), (5 , 1645333507), (83, 4871), (911, ...

A symbol used to distinguish one quantity x^' ("x prime") from another related x. Prime marks are most commonly used to denote 1. Transformed coordinates, 2. Conjugate ...

A Wilson prime is a prime satisfying W(p)=0 (mod p), where W(p) is the Wilson quotient, or equivalently, (p-1)!=-1 (mod p^2). The first few Wilson primes are 5, 13, and 563 ...

Any prime number other than 2 (which is the unique even prime). Humorously, 2 is therefore the "oddest" prime.

A Mersenne prime is a Mersenne number, i.e., a number of the form M_n=2^n-1, that is prime. In order for M_n to be prime, n must itself be prime. This is true since for ...

A prime field is a finite field GF(p) for p is prime.

The prime signature of a positive integer n is a sorted list of nonzero exponents a_i in the prime factorization n=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2).... By definition, the prime signature ...

A prime ideal is an ideal I such that if ab in I, then either a in I or b in I. For example, in the integers, the ideal a=<p> (i.e., the multiples of p) is prime whenever p ...

A prime constellation, also called a prime k-tuple, prime k-tuplet, or prime cluster, is a sequence of k consecutive numbers such that the difference between the first and ...