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There are at least three definitions of "groupoid" currently in use. The first type of groupoid is an algebraic structure on a set with a binary operator. The only ...

A connected bipartite graph is called Hamilton-laceable, a term apparently introduced in Simmons (1978), if it has a u-v Hamiltonian path for all pairs of vertices u and v, ...

A Hamiltonian path, also called a Hamilton path, is a graph path between two vertices of a graph that visits each vertex exactly once. If a Hamiltonian path exists whose ...

The Harborth graph is the smallest known 4-regular matchstick graph. It is therefore both planar and unit-distance. It has 104 edges and 52 vertices. This graph was named ...

The series sum_(k=1)^infty1/k (1) is called the harmonic series. It can be shown to diverge using the integral test by comparison with the function 1/x. The divergence, ...

Let a chess piece make a tour on an n×n chessboard whose squares are numbered from 1 to n^2 along the path of the chess piece. Then the tour is called a magic tour if the ...

A permutation cycle is a subset of a permutation whose elements trade places with one another. Permutations cycles are called "orbits" by Comtet (1974, p. 256). For example, ...

A prism graph, denoted Y_n, D_n (Gallian 1987), or Pi_n (Hladnik et al. 2002), and sometimes also called a circular ladder graph and denoted CL_n (Gross and Yellen 1999, p. ...

A trinomial coefficient is a coefficient of the trinomial triangle. Following the notation of Andrews (1990), the trinomial coefficient (n; k)_2, with n>=0 and -n<=k<=n, is ...

A Turing machine is a theoretical computing machine invented by Alan Turing (1937) to serve as an idealized model for mathematical calculation. A Turing machine consists of a ...