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Let [arg(f(z))] denote the change in the complex argument of a function f(z) around a contour gamma. Also let N denote the number of roots of f(z) in gamma and P denote the ...

Let c_k be the number of vertex covers of a graph G of size k. Then the vertex cover polynomial Psi_G(x) is defined by Psi_G(x)=sum_(k=0)^(|G|)c_kx^k, (1) where |G| is the ...

The degree of a graph vertex v of a graph G is the number of graph edges which touch v. The vertex degrees are illustrated above for a random graph. The vertex degree is also ...

Voronin (1975) proved the remarkable analytical property of the Riemann zeta function zeta(s) that, roughly speaking, any nonvanishing analytic function can be approximated ...

The term "wedge" has a number of different meanings in mathematics. It is sometimes used as another name for the caret symbol. The term also refers to the notation ( ^ ) used ...

n weighings are sufficient to find a bad coin among (3^n-1)/2 coins (Steinhaus 1999, p. 61). vos Savant (1993) gives an algorithm for finding a bad ball among 12 balls in ...

The Weyl tensor is the tensor C_(abcd) defined by R_(abcd)=C_(abcd)+2/(n-2)(g_(a[c)R_d]b-g_(b[c)R_(d]a)) -2/((n-1)(n-2))Rg_(a[c)g_(d]b), (1) where R_(abcd) is the Riemann ...

The White House switchboard constant is the name given by Munroe (2012) to the constant W = exp[-(1+8^(1/(e-1)))^(1/pi)] (1) = 0.202456141492... (2) (OEIS A182064), the first ...

The prime link 05-0201, illustrated above, with braid word sigma_1^2sigma_2^2sigma_1^(-1)sigma_2^(-2) or sigma_1sigma_2^(-1)sigma_1sigma_2^(-2) and Jones polynomial ...

Wolfram (2002, p. 123) considered the sequence related to the Collatz problem obtained by iterating w_n={3/2w_(n-1) for w_(n-1) even; 3/2(w_(n-1)+1) for w_(n-1) odd (1) ...