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The identity function id(x) is the function id(x)=x which assigns every real number x to the same real number x. It is identical to the identity map. The identity function is ...

An identity graph, sometimes also known as an asymmetric graph or rigid graph (Albertson and Collins 1996), is a graph possessing a single graph automorphism. The numbers of ...

The incentral circle is the circumcircle of the incentral triangle. It has radius R_I=(sqrt(abcf(a,b,c)f(b,c,a)f(c,a,b)))/(8Delta(a+b)(a+c)(b+c)), (1) where Delta is the area ...

A statistic which assigns a single number to several individual statistics in order to quantify trends. The best-known index in the United States is the consumer price index, ...

The tangent space at a point p in an abstract manifold M can be described without the use of embeddings or coordinate charts. The elements of the tangent space are called ...

Consider a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+P(x)y^'+Q(x)y=0. If P(x) and Q(x) remain finite at x=x_0, then x_0 is called an ordinary point. If either P(x) ...

Jacobi-Gauss quadrature, also called Jacobi quadrature or Mehler quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with weighting function ...

Let A be a matrix with the elementary divisors of its characteristic matrix expressed as powers of its irreducible polynomials in the field F[lambda], and consider an ...

The complex second-order ordinary differential equation x^2y^('')+xy^'-(ix^2+nu^2)y=0 (1) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 379; Zwillinger 1997, p. 123), whose solutions can ...

Kepler's equation gives the relation between the polar coordinates of a celestial body (such as a planet) and the time elapsed from a given initial point. Kepler's equation ...