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A vector norm defined for a vector x=[x_1; x_2; |; x_n], with complex entries by |x|_1=sum_(r=1)^n|x_r|. The L^1-norm |x|_1 of a vector x is implemented in the Wolfram ...

The norm of a mathematical object is a quantity that in some (possibly abstract) sense describes the length, size, or extent of the object. Norms exist for complex numbers ...

Given a contravariant basis {e^->_1,...,e^->_n}, its dual covariant basis is given by e^->^alpha·e^->_beta=g(e^->^alpha,e^->_beta)=delta_beta^alpha, where g is the metric and ...

The l^2-norm (also written "l^2-norm") |x| is a vector norm defined for a complex vector x=[x_1; x_2; |; x_n] (1) by |x|=sqrt(sum_(k=1)^n|x_k|^2), (2) where |x_k| on the ...

The biharmonic operator, also known as the bilaplacian, is the differential operator defined by del ^4=(del ^2)^2, where del ^2 is the Laplacian. In n-dimensional space, del ...

The head of a vector AB^-> is the endpoint B, i.e., the point at which the arrow is placed.

A linear transformation between two vector spaces V and W is a map T:V->W such that the following hold: 1. T(v_1+v_2)=T(v_1)+T(v_2) for any vectors v_1 and v_2 in V, and 2. ...

Two vectors u and v whose dot product is u·v=0 (i.e., the vectors are perpendicular) are said to be orthogonal. In three-space, three vectors can be mutually perpendicular.

The term used in physics and engineering for a harmonic function. Potential functions are extremely useful, for example, in electromagnetism, where they reduce the study of a ...

For any function f:A->B (where A and B are any sets), the kernel (also called the null space) is defined by Ker(f)={x:x in Asuch thatf(x)=0}, so the kernel gives the elements ...