The term used in physics and engineering for a harmonic function. Potential functions are extremely useful, for example, in electromagnetism, where they reduce the study of a 3-component vector field to a 1-component scalar function.
Potential Function
See also
Harmonic Function, Laplace's Equation, Scalar Potential, Vector PotentialExplore with Wolfram|Alpha
Cite this as:
Weisstein, Eric W. "Potential Function." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/PotentialFunction.html