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The inverse tangent is the multivalued function tan^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arctanz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 311; ...

Convergents of the pi continued fractions are the simplest approximants to pi. The first few are given by 3, 22/7, 333/106, 355/113, 103993/33102, 104348/33215, ... (OEIS ...

A series is an infinite ordered set of terms combined together by the addition operator. The term "infinite series" is sometimes used to emphasize the fact that series ...

Regge calculus is a finite element method utilized in numerical relativity in attempts of describing spacetimes with few or no symmetries by way of producing numerical ...

The smallest positive composite number and the first even perfect square. Four is the smallest even number appearing in a Pythagorean triple: 3, 4, 5. In the numerology of ...

The minimal polynomial of an algebraic number zeta is the unique irreducible monic polynomial of smallest degree p(x) with rational coefficients such that p(zeta)=0 and whose ...

Ball point picking is the selection of points randomly placed inside a ball. n random points can be picked in a unit ball in the Wolfram Language using the function ...

In a dynamical system, a bifurcation is a period doubling, quadrupling, etc., that accompanies the onset of chaos. It represents the sudden appearance of a qualitatively ...

A bitangent is a line that is tangent to a curve at two distinct points. Aa general plane quartic curve has 28 bitangents in the complex projective plane. However, as shown ...

A chain complex is a sequence of maps ...-->^(partial_(i+1))C_i-->^(partial_i)C_(i-1)-->^(partial_(i-1))..., (1) where the spaces C_i may be Abelian groups or modules. The ...