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A theorem, also known as Bachet's conjecture, which Bachet inferred from a lack of a necessary condition being stated by Diophantus. It states that every positive integer can ...

A root-finding algorithm which converges to a complex root from any starting position. To motivate the formula, consider an nth order polynomial and its derivatives, P_n(x) = ...

The term "(a,b)-leaper" (sometimes explicitly called a "single-pattern leaper") describes a fairy chess piece such as a knight that may make moves which simultaneously change ...

The product C of two matrices A and B is defined as c_(ik)=a_(ij)b_(jk), (1) where j is summed over for all possible values of i and k and the notation above uses the ...

There are two definitions of a metacyclic group. 1. A metacyclic group is a group G such that both its commutator subgroup G^' and the quotient group G/G^' are cyclic (Rose ...

The multicomputational paradigm is a generalization of the computational paradigm to many computational threads of time. In the ordinary computational paradigm, time ...

In the IEEE 754-2008 standard (referred to as IEEE 754 henceforth), NaN (or "not a number") is a symbolic floating-point representation which is neither a signed infinity nor ...

A "squashed" spheroid for which the equatorial radius a is greater than the polar radius c, so a>c (called an oblate ellipsoid by Tietze 1965, p. 27). An oblate spheroid is a ...

The geodesic on an oblate spheroid can be computed analytically, although the resulting expression is much more unwieldy than for a simple sphere. A spheroid with equatorial ...

A subset {v_1,...,v_k} of a vector space V, with the inner product <,>, is called orthonormal if <v_i,v_j>=0 when i!=j. That is, the vectors are mutually perpendicular. ...