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A discrete group is a topological group with the discrete topology. Often in practice, discrete groups arise as discrete subgroups of continuous Lie groups acting on a ...

The modular group Gamma is the set of all transformations w of the form w(t)=(at+b)/(ct+d), where a, b, c, and d are integers and ad-bc=1. A Gamma-modular function is then ...

A function is said to be modular (or "elliptic modular") if it satisfies: 1. f is meromorphic in the upper half-plane H, 2. f(Atau)=f(tau) for every matrix A in the modular ...

There are two definitions of the supersingular primes: one group-theoretic, and the other number-theoretic. Group-theoretically, let Gamma_0(N) be the modular group Gamma0, ...

The real projective plane is the closed topological manifold, denoted RP^2, that is obtained by projecting the points of a plane E from a fixed point P (not on the plane), ...

Consider n intersecting ellipses. The maximal number of regions into which these divide the plane are N(n)=2n^2-2n+2=2(n^2-n+1), giving values for n=1, 2, ... of 2, 6, 14, ...

The maximal number of regions into which n lines divide a plane are N(n)=1/2(n^2+n+2) which, for n=1, 2, ... gives 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, ... (OEIS A000124), the same maximal ...

Consider n intersecting circles. The maximal number of regions into which these divide the plane are N(n)=n^2-n+2, giving values for n=1, 2, ... of 2, 4, 8, 14, 22, 32, 44, ...

A function f is said to be an entire modular form of weight k if it satisfies 1. f is analytic in the upper half-plane H, 2. f((atau+b)/(ctau+d))=(ctau+d)^kf(tau) whenever [a ...

Two unit-speed plane curves which have the same curvature differ only by a Euclidean motion.