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Given a random variable X with continuous and strictly monotonic probability density function f(X), a quantile function Q_f assigns to each probability p attained by f the ...

The function frac(x) giving the fractional (noninteger) part of a real number x. The symbol {x} is sometimes used instead of frac(x) (Graham et al. 1994, p. 70; Havil 2003, ...

Twin primes are pairs of primes of the form (p, p+2). The term "twin prime" was coined by Paul Stäckel (1862-1919; Tietze 1965, p. 19). The first few twin primes are n+/-1 ...

The number of ways of partitioning a set of n elements into m nonempty sets (i.e., m set blocks), also called a Stirling set number. For example, the set {1,2,3} can be ...

Possessing two modes. The term bimodal distribution, which refers to a distribution having two local maxima (as opposed to two equal most common values) is a slight ...

If x_1/n_1 and x_2/n_2 are the observed proportions from standard normally distributed samples with proportion of success theta, then the probability that ...

A smooth curve which corresponds to the limiting case of a histogram computed for a frequency distribution of a continuous distribution as the number of data points becomes ...

The Gaussian joint variable theorem, also called the multivariate theorem, states that given an even number of variates from a normal distribution with means all 0, (1) etc. ...

A multinomial series is generalization of the binomial series discovered by Johann Bernoulli and Leibniz. The multinomial series arises in a generalization of the binomial ...

Possessing a single unique mode. The term unimodal distribution, which refers to a distribution having a single local maximum is a slight corruption of this definition.