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Let a be the angle between v and x, b the angle between v and y, and c the angle between v and z. Then the direction cosines are equivalent to the (x,y,z) coordinates of a ...

The discrete uniform distribution is also known as the "equally likely outcomes" distribution. Letting a set S have N elements, each of them having the same probability, then ...

Let omega be the cube root of unity (-1+isqrt(3))/2. Then the Eisenstein primes are Eisenstein integers, i.e., numbers of the form a+bomega for a and b integers, such that ...

Elliptic alpha functions relate the complete elliptic integrals of the first K(k_r) and second kinds E(k_r) at elliptic integral singular values k_r according to alpha(r) = ...

The elliptic hyperboloid is the generalization of the hyperboloid to three distinct semimajor axes. The elliptic hyperboloid of one sheet is a ruled surface and has Cartesian ...

The first singular value k_1 of the elliptic integral of the first kind K(k), corresponding to K^'(k_1)=K(k_1), (1) is given by k_1 = 1/(sqrt(2)) (2) k_1^' = 1/(sqrt(2)). (3) ...

A conjecture due to Paul Erdős and E. G. Straus that the Diophantine equation 4/n=1/a+1/b+1/c involving Egyptian fractions always can be solved (Obláth 1950, Rosati 1954, ...

A manifold with a Riemannian metric that has zero curvature is a flat manifold. The basic example is Euclidean space with the usual metric ds^2=sum_(i)dx_i^2. In fact, any ...

If two single-valued continuous functions kappa(s) (curvature) and tau(s) (torsion) are given for s>0, then there exists exactly one space curve, determined except for ...

The Gelfond-Schneider constant is sometimes known as the Hilbert number. Flannery and Flannery (2000, p. 35) define a Hilbert number as a positive integer of the form n=4k+1 ...