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The necker cube is an illusion in which a two-dimensional drawing of an array of cubes appears to simultaneously protrude from and intrude into the page. A Necker cube ...

Every position of every impartial game has a nim-value, making it equivalent to a nim-heap. To find the nim-value (also called the Sprague-Grundy number), take the mex of the ...

A noble number nu is defined as an irrational number having a continued fraction that becomes an infinite sequence of 1s at some point, nu=[0,a_1,a_2,...,a_n,1^_]. The ...

The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

O_h is the point group of symmetries of the octahedron having order 48 that includes inversion. It is also the symmetry group of the cube, cuboctahedron, and truncated ...

In elementary geometry, orthogonal is the same as perpendicular. Two lines or curves are orthogonal if they are perpendicular at their point of intersection. Two vectors v ...

A similar construction can be done by initially erecting a square internally on the side BC. This leads to the A^--inscribed square. The triangle DeltaX^-Y^-Z^- of centers of ...

Let A^' be the outermost vertex of the regular pentagon erected outward on side BC of a reference triangle DeltaABC. Similarly, define B^' and C^'. The triangle ...

The outer Vecten circle is the circumcircle of the outer Vecten triangle. It has center at Kimberling center X_(641), which is the complement of the outer Vecten point ...

An oval is a curve resembling a squashed circle but, unlike the ellipse, without a precise mathematical definition. The word oval derived from the Latin word "ovus" for egg. ...