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The term two-sided ideal is used in noncommutative rings to denote a subset that is both a right ideal and a left ideal. In commutative rings, where right and left are ...

Let R be a ring, and let I and J be ideals of R with I subset= J. Then J/I is an ideal of R/I and (R/I)/(J/I)=R/J.

Expanding the Riemann zeta function about z=1 gives zeta(z)=1/(z-1)+sum_(n=0)^infty((-1)^n)/(n!)gamma_n(z-1)^n (1) (Havil 2003, p. 118), where the constants ...

Zarankiewicz's conjecture asserts that graph crossing number for a complete bipartite graph K_(m,n) is Z(m,n)=|_n/2_||_(n-1)/2_||_m/2_||_(m-1)/2_|, (1) where |_x_| is the ...

The nth taxicab number Ta(n) is the smallest number representable in n ways as a sum of positive cubes. The numbers derive their name from the Hardy-Ramanujan number Ta(2) = ...

Every closed three-manifold with finite fundamental group has a metric of constant positive scalar curvature, and hence is homeomorphic to a quotient S^3/Gamma, where Gamma ...

The Mertens constant B_1, also known as the Hadamard-de la Vallee-Poussin constant, prime reciprocal constant (Bach and Shallit 1996, p. 234), or Kronecker's constant ...

The prime zeta function P(s)=sum_(p)1/(p^s), (1) where the sum is taken over primes is a generalization of the Riemann zeta function zeta(s)=sum_(k=1)^infty1/(k^s), (2) where ...

Heule graphs are a set of unit-distance graphs with chromatic number five derived by Marijn Heule in April 2018 to July 2918 from the 1581-vertex de Grey Graph (Heule 2018). ...

De Grey (2018) found the first examples of unit-distance graphs with chromatic number 5, thus demonstrating that the solution to the Hadwiger-Nelson problem (i.e., the ...