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A hyperboloid is a quadratic surface which may be one- or two-sheeted. The one-sheeted hyperboloid is a surface of revolution obtained by rotating a hyperbola about the ...

The impossible fork (Seckel 2002, p. 151), also known as the devil's pitchfork (Singmaster), blivet, or poiuyt, is a classic impossible figure originally due to Schuster ...

An interval is a connected portion of the real line. If the endpoints a and b are finite and are included, the interval is called closed and is denoted [a,b]. If the ...

Roughly speaking, isospectral manifolds are drums that sound the same, i.e., have the same eigenfrequency spectrum. Two drums with differing area, perimeter, or genus can ...

Lagrange multipliers, also called Lagrangian multipliers (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 945), can be used to find the extrema of a multivariate function f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) subject to ...

Laguerre-Gauss quadrature, also called Gauss-Laguerre quadrature or Laguerre quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [0,infty) with weighting function ...

Let a, b, and c be the lengths of the legs of a triangle opposite angles A, B, and C. Then the law of cosines states a^2 = b^2+c^2-2bccosA (1) b^2 = a^2+c^2-2accosB (2) c^2 = ...

The Leibniz integral rule gives a formula for differentiation of a definite integral whose limits are functions of the differential variable, (1) It is sometimes known as ...

Also called Radau quadrature (Chandrasekhar 1960). A Gaussian quadrature with weighting function W(x)=1 in which the endpoints of the interval [-1,1] are included in a total ...

A Maclaurin series is a Taylor series expansion of a function about 0, (1) Maclaurin series are named after the Scottish mathematician Colin Maclaurin. The Maclaurin series ...