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There are two types of singular values, one in the context of elliptic integrals, and the other in linear algebra. For a square matrix A, the square roots of the eigenvalues ...

A group whose group operation is identified with multiplication. As with normal multiplication, the multiplication operation on group elements is either denoted by a raised ...

Eigenvalues are a special set of scalars associated with a linear system of equations (i.e., a matrix equation) that are sometimes also known as characteristic roots, ...

A circle packing is an arrangement of circles inside a given boundary such that no two overlap and some (or all) of them are mutually tangent. The generalization to spheres ...

Analytic continuation (sometimes called simply "continuation") provides a way of extending the domain over which a complex function is defined. The most common application is ...

A general quadratic Diophantine equation in two variables x and y is given by ax^2+cy^2=k, (1) where a, c, and k are specified (positive or negative) integers and x and y are ...

For real, nonnegative terms x_n and real p with 0<p<1, the expression lim_(k->infty)x_0+(x_1+(x_2+(...+(x_k)^p)^p)^p)^p converges iff (x_n)^(p^n) is bounded.

The exact values of cos(pi/18) and sin(pi/18) can be given by infinite nested radicals sin(pi/(18))=1/2sqrt(2-sqrt(2+sqrt(2+sqrt(2-...)))), where the sequence of signs +, +, ...

A polynomial is a mathematical expression involving a sum of powers in one or more variables multiplied by coefficients. A polynomial in one variable (i.e., a univariate ...

The Weierstrass elliptic functions (or Weierstrass P-functions, voiced "p-functions") are elliptic functions which, unlike the Jacobi elliptic functions, have a second-order ...