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Given a geodesic triangle (a triangle formed by the arcs of three geodesics on a smooth surface), int_(ABC)Kda=A+B+C-pi. Given the Euler characteristic chi, intintKda=2pichi, ...

The Lebesgue identity is the algebraic identity (Nagell 1951, pp. 194-195).

A perfect cubic polynomial can be factored into a linear and a quadratic term, x^3+y^3 = (x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2) (1) x^3-y^3 = (x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2). (2)

The symbol +/- is used to denote a quantity which should be both added and subtracted, as in a+/-b. The symbol can be used to denote a range of uncertainty, or to denote a ...

Polynomial identities involving sums and differences of like powers include x^2-y^2 = (x-y)(x+y) (1) x^3-y^3 = (x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2) (2) x^3+y^3 = (x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2) (3) x^4-y^4 = ...

For a delta function at (x_0,y_0), R(p,tau) = int_(-infty)^inftyint_(-infty)^inftydelta(x-x_0)delta(y-y_0)delta[y-(tau+px)]dydx (1) = ...

A real matrix is a matrix whose elements consist entirely of real numbers. The set of m×n real matrices is sometimes denoted R^(m×n) (Zwillinger 1995, p. 116).

Squaring is the geometric construction, using only compass and straightedge, of a square which has the same area as a given geometric figure. Squaring is also called ...

Algebra

Count the number of lattice points N(r) inside the boundary of a circle of radius r with center at the origin. The exact solution is given by the sum N(r) = ...