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A great circle is a section of a sphere that contains a diameter of the sphere (Kern and Bland 1948, p. 87). Sections of the sphere that do not contain a diameter are called ...

In celestial mechanics, the fixed path a planet traces as it moves around the sun is called an orbit. When a group G acts on a set X (this process is called a group action), ...

The Hadwiger number of a graph G, variously denoted eta(G) (Zelinka 1976, Ivančo 1988) or h(G) (Stiebitz 1990), is the number of vertices in the largest complete minor of G ...

The radius of a polygon's incircle or of a polyhedron's insphere, denoted r or sometimes rho (Johnson 1929). A polygon possessing an incircle is same to be inscriptable or ...

Attach a string to a point on a curve. Extend the string so that it is tangent to the curve at the point of attachment. Then wind the string up, keeping it always taut. The ...

The Jacobi method is a method of solving a matrix equation on a matrix that has no zeros along its main diagonal (Bronshtein and Semendyayev 1997, p. 892). Each diagonal ...

The conjugate gradient method can be viewed as a special variant of the Lanczos method for positive definite symmetric systems. The minimal residual method (MINRES) and ...

De Grey (2018) found the first examples of unit-distance graphs with chromatic number 5, thus demonstrating that the solution to the Hadwiger-Nelson problem (i.e., the ...

The Nevanlinna Prize is awarded by the International Mathematical Union to outstanding contributors to the mathematical aspects of information science. The International ...

Let DeltaH_AH_BH_C be the orthic triangle of a triangle DeltaABC. Then each side of each triangle meets the three sides of the other triangle, and the points of intersection ...