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Two matrices A and B which satisfy AB=BA (1) under matrix multiplication are said to be commuting. In general, matrix multiplication is not commutative. Furthermore, in ...

The differential forms on C^n decompose into forms of type (p,q), sometimes called (p,q)-forms. For example, on C, the exterior algebra decomposes into four types: ^ C = ^ ^0 ...

Condorcet's jury theorem states that given a group of voters (a "jury") independently choosing by majority vote between a correct outcome with probability 0<=p<=1 and an ...

The mapping of a grid of regularly ruled squares onto a cone with no overlap or misalignment. Cone nets are possible for vertex angles of 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation xy^('')+(c-x)y^'-ay=0, sometimes also called Kummer's differential equation (Slater 1960, p. 2; Zwillinger 1997, p. 124). It ...

Conformal latitude is defined by chi = 2tan^(-1){tan(1/4pi+1/2phi)[(1-esinphi)/(1+esinphi)]^(e/2)}-1/2pi (1) = ...

The convexity coefficient chi(D) of a region D is the probability that the line segment connecting two random points in D is contained entirely within D. For a convex region, ...

Let f(t) and g(t) be arbitrary functions of time t with Fourier transforms. Take f(t) = F_nu^(-1)[F(nu)](t)=int_(-infty)^inftyF(nu)e^(2piinut)dnu (1) g(t) = ...

The cornoid is the curve illustrated above given by the parametric equations x = acost(1-2sin^2t) (1) y = asint(1+2cos^2t), (2) where a>0. It is a sextic algebraic curve with ...

Consider a convex plane curve K with perimeter L, and the set of points P exterior to K. Further, let t_1 and t_2 be the perpendicular distances from P to K (with ...