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The dihedral group D_n is the symmetry group of an n-sided regular polygon for n>1. The group order of D_n is 2n. Dihedral groups D_n are non-Abelian permutation groups for ...

Gelfond's theorem, also called the Gelfond-Schneider theorem, states that a^b is transcendental if 1. a is algebraic !=0,1 and 2. b is algebraic and irrational. This provides ...

The golden triangle, sometimes also called the sublime triangle, is an isosceles triangle such that the ratio of the hypotenuse a to base b is equal to the golden ratio, ...

(d^2V)/(dv^2)+[a-2qcos(2v)]V=0 (1) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972; Zwillinger 1997, p. 125), having solution y=C_1C(a,q,v)+C_2S(a,q,v), (2) where C(a,q,v) and S(a,q,v) are ...

Newton's forward difference formula is a finite difference identity giving an interpolated value between tabulated points {f_p} in terms of the first value f_0 and the powers ...

Ramanujan developed a number of interesting closed-form expressions for generalized continued fractions. These include the almost integers ...

Let psi_1(x) and psi_2(x) be any two real integrable functions in [a,b], then Schwarz's inequality is given by |<psi_1|psi_2>|^2<=<psi_1|psi_1><psi_2|psi_2>. (1) Written out ...

A matrix whose elements may contain complex numbers. The matrix product of two 2×2 complex matrices is given by (1) where R_(11) = ...

A completely monotonic function is a function f(x) such that (-1)^(-n)f^((n))(x)>=0 for n=0, 1, 2, .... Such functions occur in areas such as probability theory (Feller ...

An unlabeled transitive digraph with n nodes is called a "topology." The numbers of distinct topologies on n=1, 2, ... nodes are 1, 3, 9, 33, 139, 718, 4535, ... (OEIS ...