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Two matrices A and B are equal to each other, written A=B, if they have the same dimensions m×n and the same elements a_(ij)=b_(ij) for i=1, ..., n and j=1, ..., m. ...

Let A be a unital C^*-algebra. An element u in A is called unitary if u^*u=uu^*=1. For example, for each self-adjoint element a in A, the element ...

A (0,1)-matrix is an integer matrix in which each element is a 0 or 1. It is also called a logical matrix, binary matrix, relation matrix, or Boolean matrix. The number of ...

A matrix for which horizontal and vertical dimensions are the same (i.e., an n×n matrix). A matrix m may be tested to determine if it is square in Wolfram Language using ...

A conjugate matrix is a matrix A^_ obtained from a given matrix A by taking the complex conjugate of each element of A (Courant and Hilbert 1989, p. 9), i.e., ...

A Vandermonde matrix is a type of matrix that arises in the polynomial least squares fitting, Lagrange interpolating polynomials (Hoffman and Kunze p. 114), and the ...

The incidence matrix of a graph gives the (0,1)-matrix which has a row for each vertex and column for each edge, and (v,e)=1 iff vertex v is incident upon edge e (Skiena ...

A (2n)×(2n) complex matrix A in C^(2n×2n) is said to be Hamiltonian if J_nA=(J_nA)^(H), (1) where J_n in R^(2n×2n) is the matrix of the form J_n=[0 I_n; I_n 0], (2) I_n is ...

A matrix A for which A^(H)=A^(T)^_=A, where the conjugate transpose is denoted A^(H), A^(T) is the transpose, and z^_ is the complex conjugate. If a matrix is self-adjoint, ...

The eigenvalues of a matrix A are called its spectrum, and are denoted lambda(A). If lambda(A)={lambda_1,...,lambda_n}, then the determinant of A is given by ...