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A continuous transformation from one function to another. A homotopy between two functions f and g from a space X to a space Y is a continuous map G from X×[0,1]|->Y such ...

Given two topological spaces M and N, place an equivalence relationship on the continuous maps f:M->N using homotopies, and write f_1∼f_2 if f_1 is homotopic to f_2. Roughly ...

A generalization of the Fibonacci numbers defined by the four constants (p,q,r,s) and the definitions H_0=p and H_1=q together with the linear recurrence equation ...

By way of analogy with the eban numbers, iban numbers are defined as numbers whose English names do not contain the letter "i" (i.e., "i" is banned). The first few are 1, 2, ...

The radical of an ideal a in a ring R is the ideal which is the intersection of all prime ideals containing a. Note that any ideal is contained in a maximal ideal, which is ...

The idempotent numbers are given by B_(n,k)(1,2,3,...)=(n; k)k^(n-k), where B_(n,k) is a Bell polynomial and (n; k) is a binomial coefficient. A table of the first few is ...

An independent edge set (also called a matching) of a graph G is a subset of the edges such that no two edges in the subset share a vertex of G (Skiena 1990, p. 219). The ...

Given a sequence of real numbers a_n, the infimum limit (also called the limit inferior or lower limit), written lim inf and pronounced 'lim-inf,' is the limit of ...

A set of elements S is said to be infinite if the elements of a proper subset S^' can be put into one-to-one correspondence with the elements of S. An infinite set whose ...

A differential ideal is an ideal I in the ring of smooth forms on a manifold M. That is, it is closed under addition, scalar multiplication, and wedge product with an ...