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A product involving an infinite number of terms. Such products can converge. In fact, for positive a_n, the product product_(n=1)^(infty)a_n converges to a nonzero number iff ...

The generalized law of sines applies to a simplex in space of any dimension with constant Gaussian curvature. Let us work up to that. Initially in two-dimensional space, we ...

The hacovercosine, also known as the hacoversed cosine and cohavercosine, is a little-used trigonometric function defined by hacovercos(z) = covercosz (1) = 1/2(1+sinz), (2) ...

A univariate function f(x) is said to be odd provided that f(-x)=-f(x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the origin. Examples of odd functions include x, ...

An occurrence of a variable in a logic formula which is not inside the scope of a quantifier.

An algebraic surface which can be represented implicitly by a polynomial of degree six in x, y, and z. Examples of quartic surfaces include the Barth sextic, Boy surface, ...

An operator definition of a function. A Rodrigues formula may be converted into a Schläfli integral.

A formula of first-order logic is in prenex normal form if it is of the form Q_1x_1...Q_nx_nM, (1) where each Q_i is a quantifier forall ("for all") or exists ("exists") and ...

The coversine is a little-used entire trigonometric function defined by covers(z) = versin(1/2pi-z) (1) = 1-sinz, (2) where versin(z) is the versine and sinz is the sine. The ...

Nielsen's spiral, also called the sici spiral (von Seggern 1993) is the spiral with parametric equations x(t) = aci(t) (1) y(t) = asi(t), (2) where ci(t) is the cosine ...