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A functional is a real-valued function on a vector space V, usually of functions. For example, the energy functional on the unit disk D assigns a number to any differentiable ...

A method of determining coefficients alpha_k in a power series solution y(x)=y_0(x)+sum_(k=1)^nalpha_ky_k(x) of the ordinary differential equation L^~[y(x)]=0 so that ...

If X is a locally compact T2-space, then the set C_ degrees(X) of all continuous complex valued functions on X vanishing at infinity (i.e., for each epsilon>0, the set {x in ...

The generalized hypergeometric function F(x)=_pF_q[alpha_1,alpha_2,...,alpha_p; beta_1,beta_2,...,beta_q;x] satisfies the equation where theta=x(partial/partialx) is the ...

A number given by the generating function (2t)/(e^t+1)=sum_(n=1)^inftyG_n(t^n)/(n!). (1) It satisfies G_1=1, G_3=G_5=G_7=...=0, and even coefficients are given by G_(2n) = ...

Given a hereditary representation of a number n in base b, let B[b](n) be the nonnegative integer which results if we syntactically replace each b by b+1 (i.e., B[b] is a ...

The term "gradient" has several meanings in mathematics. The simplest is as a synonym for slope. The more general gradient, called simply "the" gradient in vector analysis, ...

The inhomogeneous Helmholtz differential equation is del ^2psi(r)+k^2psi(r)=rho(r), (1) where the Helmholtz operator is defined as L^~=del ^2+k^2. The Green's function is ...

Poisson's equation is del ^2phi=4pirho, (1) where phi is often called a potential function and rho a density function, so the differential operator in this case is L^~=del ...

For all integers n and nonnegative integers t, the harmonic logarithms lambda_n^((t))(x) of order t and degree n are defined as the unique functions satisfying 1. ...