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The term pairwise refers to taking all unordered 2-subsets of a given set. For example, the pairwise products of the set {a,b,c} are ab, ac, and bc.

A set of blocks, also called a resolution class, that partition the set V, where (V,B) is a balanced incomplete block design.

A prime-distance graph is a distance graph with distance set given by the set of prime numbers.

The pseudo-tangent cone P_S(x) of a subset S subset R^n at a point x in S is the set P_S(x)=convK_S^_, where K_S is the contingent cone of S and where conv(A) is the smallest ...

A set R of linear extensions of a partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is a realizer of P (and is said to realize P) provided that for all x,y in X, x<=y iff x is below y in every ...

The Schnirelmann density of a set of nonnegative integers is the greatest lower bound of the fractions A(n)/n where A(n) is the number of terms in the set <=n.

A set that is a smooth embedded two-dimensional manifold except for a subset that consists of smooth embedded curves, except for a set of isolated points.

For a subgroup H of a group G, the index of H, denoted (G:H), is the cardinal number of the set of left cosets of H in G (which is equal to the cardinal number of the set of ...

In set theory, a unary operation on set A is a function A->A. More generally, a unary operation is a function with exactly one operand, such as the factorial, square root, or ...

The quaternions are members of a noncommutative division algebra first invented by William Rowan Hamilton. The idea for quaternions occurred to him while he was walking along ...