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The Zak transform is a signal transform relevant to time-continuous signals sampled at a uniform rate and an arbitrary clock phase (Janssen 1988). The Zak transform of a ...

The de Longchamps circle is defined as the radical circle of the power circles of a given reference triangle. It is defined only for obtuse triangles. It is the complement of ...

A generalization of an Ulam sequence in which each term is the sum of two earlier terms in exactly s ways. (s,t)-additive sequences are a further generalization in which each ...

The objective of global optimization is to find the globally best solution of (possibly nonlinear) models, in the (possible or known) presence of multiple local optima. ...

If r is a root of a nonzero polynomial equation a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0=0, (1) where the a_is are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) and r satisfies no ...

A busy beaver is an n-state, 2-color Turing machine which writes a maximum number Sigma(n) of 1s before halting (Rado 1962; Lin and Rado 1965; Shallit 1998). Alternatively, ...

The Delannoy numbers D(a,b) are the number of lattice paths from (0,0) to (b,a) in which only east (1, 0), north (0, 1), and northeast (1, 1) steps are allowed (i.e., ->, ^, ...

According to Euler's rotation theorem, any rotation may be described using three angles. If the rotations are written in terms of rotation matrices D, C, and B, then a ...

A finite field is a field with a finite field order (i.e., number of elements), also called a Galois field. The order of a finite field is always a prime or a power of a ...

The class of all regular sequences of particularly well-behaved functions equivalent to a given regular sequence. A distribution is sometimes also called a "generalized ...