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A polyiamond composed of six equilateral triangles. The 12 hexiamonds are illustrated above. They are given the names bar, crook, crown, sphinx, snake, yacht, chevron, ...

An improper integral is a definite integral that has either or both limits infinite or an integrand that approaches infinity at one or more points in the range of ...

An initial value problem is a problem that has its conditions specified at some time t=t_0. Usually, the problem is an ordinary differential equation or a partial ...

Integral calculus is that portion of "the" calculus dealing with integrals. Among his many other talents, Major General Stanley in Gilbert and Sullivan's operetta The Pirates ...

A semigroup S is said to be an inverse semigroup if, for every a in S, there is a unique b (called the inverse of a) such that a=aba and b=bab. This is equivalent to the ...

A matrix used in the Jacobi transformation method of diagonalizing matrices. The Jacobi rotation matrix P_(pq) contains 1s along the diagonal, except for the two elements ...

A method of matrix diagonalization using Jacobi rotation matrices P_(pq). It consists of a sequence of orthogonal similarity transformations of the form ...

A complicated polynomial root-finding algorithm which is used in the IMSL® (IMSL, Houston, TX) library and which Press et al. (1992) describe as "practically a standard in ...

A semiprime which English economist and logician William Stanley Jevons incorrectly believed no one else would be able to factor. According to Jevons (1874, p. 123), "Can the ...

The Kauffman X-polynomial, also called the normalized bracket polynomial, is a 1-variable knot polynomial denoted X (Adams 1994, p. 153), L (Kauffman 1991, p. 33), or F ...