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Bisection is the division of a given curve, figure, or interval into two equal parts (halves). A simple bisection procedure for iteratively converging on a solution which is ...

Let V(r) be the volume of a ball of radius r in a complete n-dimensional Riemannian manifold with Ricci curvature tensor >=(n-1)kappa. Then V(r)<=V_kappa(r), where V_kappa is ...

A system of curvilinear coordinates variously denoted (xi,eta,phi) (Arfken 1970) or (theta,eta,psi) (Moon and Spencer 1988). Using the notation of Arfken, the bispherical ...

Bit rate (i.e., bits per second, abbreviated bps) is a measure of the number of data bits (digital 0s and 1s) transmitted each second in a digital communications channel. If ...

Let s(x,y,z) and t(x,y,z) be differentiable scalar functions defined at all points on a surface S. In computer graphics, the functions s and t often represent texture ...

A divisor d of a positive integer n is biunitary if the greatest common unitary divisor of d and n/d is 1. For a prime power p^y, the biunitary divisors are the powers 1, p, ...

Let alpha(z),gamma(z):(a,b)->R^3 be curves such that |gamma|=1 and alpha·gamma=0, and suppose that alpha and gamma have holomorphic extensions alpha,gamma:(a,b)×(c,d)->C^3 ...

Black-Scholes theory is the theory underlying financial derivatives which involves stochastic calculus and assumes an uncorrelated log normal distribution of continuously ...

An apodization function given by A(x)=(21)/(50)+1/2cos((pix)/a)+2/(25)cos((2pix)/a), (1) which has full width at half maximum of 0.810957a. This function is defined so that ...

A method for finding solutions u and v to a linear congruence au+bv=d by constructing a matrix formed by adjoining a vector containing a and b with a unit matrix, M=[a 1 0; b ...