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Any locally compact Hausdorff topological group has a unique (up to scalars) nonzero left invariant measure which is finite on compact sets. If the group is Abelian or ...

A heptahedron is a polyhedron with seven faces. Because there are 34 heptahedral graphs, there are 34 topologically distinct convex heptahedra. There are three semiregular ...

An intrinsically linked graph is a graph having the property that any embedding of it in three dimensions contains a nontrivial link. A graph is intrinsically linked iff it ...

Let R[z]>0, 0<=alpha,beta<=1, and Lambda(alpha,beta,z)=sum_(r=0)^infty[lambda((r+alpha)z-ibeta)+lambda((r+1-alpha)z+ibeta)], (1) where lambda(x) = -ln(1-e^(-2pix)) (2) = ...

Consider an n-digit number k. Square it and add the right n digits to the left n or n-1 digits. If the resultant sum is k, then k is called a Kaprekar number. For example, 9 ...

The problem of finding the strategy to guarantee reaching the boundary of a given region ("forest") in the shortest distance (i.e., a strategy having the best worst-case ...

A path, also known as a rhumb line, which cuts a meridian on a given surface at any constant angle but a right angle. If the surface is a sphere, the loxodrome is a spherical ...

The mode of a set of observations is the most commonly occurring value. For example, for a data set (3, 7, 3, 9, 9, 3, 5, 1, 8, 5) (left histogram), the unique mode is 3. ...

A monotonic matrix of order n is an n×n matrix in which every element is either 0 or contains a number from the set {1,...,n} subject to the conditions 1. The filled-in ...

Consider a knot as being formed from two tangles. The following three operations are called mutations. 1. Cut the knot open along four points on each of the four strings ...