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The limit of an upper sum, when it exists, as the mesh size approaches 0.

For a given bounded function f(x) over a partition of a given interval, the upper sum is the sum of box areas M^*Deltax_k using the supremum M of the function f(x) in each ...

The quantity which a function f takes upon application to a given quantity.

Denote the nth derivative D^n and the n-fold integral D^(-n). Then D^(-1)f(t)=int_0^tf(xi)dxi. (1) Now, if the equation D^(-n)f(t)=1/((n-1)!)int_0^t(t-xi)^(n-1)f(xi)dxi (2) ...

The logarithmic integral is defined as the Cauchy principal value li(x) = PVint_0^x(dt)/(lnt) (1) = ...

The number of representations of n by k squares, allowing zeros and distinguishing signs and order, is denoted r_k(n). The special case k=2 corresponding to two squares is ...

A generalization of the Euler L-function associated with a Grössencharakter.

The analytic summation of a hypergeometric series. Powerful general techniques of hypergeometric summation include Gosper's algorithm, Sister Celine's method, Wilf-Zeilberger ...

A^*(x)=sum_(lambda_n<=x)^'a_n=1/(2pii)int_(c-iinfty)^(c+iinfty)f(s)(e^(sx))/sds, where f(s)=suma_ne^(-lambda_ns).

The problem of forecasting future values X_(t+tau) (tau>0) of a weakly stationary process {X_t} from the known values X_s (s<=t).