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Graham's biggest little hexagon is the largest possible (not necessarily regular) convex hexagon with polygon diameter 1 (i.e., for which no two of the vertices are more than ...

The Legendre differential equation is the second-order ordinary differential equation (1-x^2)(d^2y)/(dx^2)-2x(dy)/(dx)+l(l+1)y=0, (1) which can be rewritten ...

In the mice problem, also called the beetle problem, n mice start at the corners of a regular n-gon of unit side length, each heading towards its closest neighboring mouse in ...

A sheaf is a presheaf with "something" added allowing us to define things locally. This task is forbidden for presheaves in general. Specifically, a presheaf F on a ...

The second Mersenne prime M_3=2^3-1, which is itself the exponent of Mersenne prime M_7=2^7-1=127. It gives rise to the perfect number P_7=M_7·2^6=8128. It is a Gaussian ...

Given a graph G, the arboricity Upsilon(G) is the minimum number of edge-disjoint acyclic subgraphs (i.e., spanning forests) whose union is G. An acyclic graph therefore has ...

Given a regular surface M, an asymptotic curve is formally defined as a curve x(t) on M such that the normal curvature is 0 in the direction x^'(t) for all t in the domain of ...

The numbers three and four appear prominently in the game of baseball. There are three strikes for an out, three outs per half-inning (i.e., teams switch after three outs, ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation xy^('')+(c-x)y^'-ay=0, sometimes also called Kummer's differential equation (Slater 1960, p. 2; Zwillinger 1997, p. 124). It ...

A cyclic pentagon is a not necessarily regular pentagon on whose polygon vertices a circle may be circumscribed. Let such a pentagon have edge lengths a_1, ..., a_5, and area ...