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The cylindrical parts of a system of real algebraic equations and inequalities in variables {x_1,...,x_n} are the terms f_1 <= x_1<=g_1 (1) f_2(x_1) <= x_2<=g_2(x_1) (2) | ...

The function frac(x) giving the fractional (noninteger) part of a real number x. The symbol {x} is sometimes used instead of frac(x) (Graham et al. 1994, p. 70; Havil 2003, ...

The sum-of-factorial powers function is defined by sf^p(n)=sum_(k=1)^nk!^p. (1) For p=1, sf^1(n) = sum_(k=1)^(n)k! (2) = (-e+Ei(1)+pii+E_(n+2)(-1)Gamma(n+2))/e (3) = ...

Let z=re^(itheta)=x+iy be a complex number, then inequality |(zexp(sqrt(1-z^2)))/(1+sqrt(1-z^2))|<=1 (1) holds in the lens-shaped region illustrated above. Written explicitly ...

Consider the problem of comparing two real numbers x and y based on their continued fraction representations. Then the mean number of iterations needed to determine if x<y or ...

The Littlewood conjecture states that for any two real numbers x,y in R, lim inf_(n->infty)n|nx-nint(nx)||ny-nint(ny)|=0 where nint(z) denotes the nearest integer function. ...

A path in the complex plane over which contour integration is performed to compute a contour integral. When choosing a contour to evaluate an integral on the real line, a ...

Let lambda be (possibly complex) eigenvalues of a set of random n×n real matrices with entries independent and taken from a standard normal distribution. Then as n->infty, ...

The constant pi, denoted pi, is a real number defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference C to its diameter d=2r, pi = C/d (1) = C/(2r) (2) pi has decimal expansion ...

A partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is an interval order if it is isomorphic to some set of intervals on the real line ordered by left-to-right precedence. Formally, P is an ...