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Consider a set A_n={a_1,a_2,...,a_n} of n positive integer-denomination postage stamps sorted such that 1=a_1<a_2<...<a_n. Suppose they are to be used on an envelope with ...

A sum is the result of an addition. For example, adding 1, 2, 3, and 4 gives the sum 10, written 1+2+3+4=10. (1) The numbers being summed are called addends, or sometimes ...

An addition chain for a number n is a sequence 1=a_0<a_1<...<a_r=n, such that each member after a_0 is the sum of two earlier (not necessarily distinct) ones. The number r is ...

A number that is "close" to (but not equal to) zero may be called an almost zero. In contrast, a number or expression that is equal to zero is said to be identically zero. ...

Let K_1^n and K_2^n be disjoint bicollared knots in R^(n+1) or S^(n+1) and let U denote the open region between them. Then the closure of U is a closed annulus S^n×[0,1]. ...

An ansatz is an assumed form for a mathematical statement that is not based on any underlying theory or principle. An example from physics is the Bethe Ansatz (Müller).

A vaguely defined branch of mathematics dealing with varieties, the Mordell conjecture, Arakelov theory, and elliptic curves.

Let M be a compact n-dimensional manifold with injectivity radius inj(M). Then Vol(M)>=(c_ninj(M))/pi, with equality iff M is isometric to the standard round sphere S^n with ...

The image of A_5×A_5 in the special orthogonal group SO(4), where A_5 is the icosahedral group.

The simplest dissection of a square into rectangles of the same areas but different shapes, composed of the seven pieces illustrated above. The square is 210 units on a side, ...