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The second knot polynomial discovered. Unlike the first-discovered Alexander polynomial, the Jones polynomial can sometimes distinguish handedness (as can its more powerful ...

The Kepler-Poinsot polyhedra are four regular polyhedra which, unlike the Platonic solids, contain intersecting facial planes. In addition, two of the four Kepler-Poinsot ...

A wide variety of large numbers crop up in mathematics. Some are contrived, but some actually arise in proofs. Often, it is possible to prove existence theorems by deriving ...

A one-person game played on a rectangular lattice of lamps which can be turned on and off. A move consists of flipping a "switch" inside one of the squares, thereby toggling ...

A manifold is a topological space that is locally Euclidean (i.e., around every point, there is a neighborhood that is topologically the same as the open unit ball in R^n). ...

A Moore graph of type (v,g) is a regular graph of vertex degree v>2 and girth g that contains the maximum possible number of nodes, namely ...

An ordinary double point of a plane curve is point where a curve intersects itself such that two branches of the curve have distinct tangent lines. Ordinary double points of ...

A palindromic prime is a number that is simultaneously palindromic and prime. The first few (base-10) palindromic primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 101, 131, 151, 181, 191, 313, ...

The Paulus graphs are the 15 strongly regular graphs on 25 nodes with parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(25,12,5,6) and the 10 strongly regular graphs on 26 nodes with parameters ...

A permutation, also called an "arrangement number" or "order," is a rearrangement of the elements of an ordered list S into a one-to-one correspondence with S itself. The ...