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The spectrum of a ring is the set of proper prime ideals, Spec(R)={p:p is a prime ideal in R}. (1) The classical example is the spectrum of polynomial rings. For instance, ...

A special graph vertex that is designated to turn a tree into a rooted tree or a graph into a rooted graph. The root is sometimes also called "eve," or an "endpoint" (Saaty ...

The exponent of the largest power of 2 which divides a given number 2n. The values of the ruler function for n=1, 2, ..., are 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, ... (OEIS A001511).

A partial solution to the Erdős squarefree conjecture which states that the binomial coefficient (2n; n) is never squarefree for all sufficiently large n>=n_0. Sárkőzy (1985) ...

There exists a positive integer s such that every sufficiently large integer is the sum of at most s primes. It follows that there exists a positive integer s_0>=s such that ...

Let the minimal length of an addition chain for a number n be denoted l(n). Then the Scholz conjecture, also called the Scholz-Brauer conjecture or Brauer-Scholz conjecture, ...

An algorithm for determining the order of an elliptic curve E/F_p over the finite field F_p.

11 21 8 61 22 58 241 52 328 444 1201 114 1452 4400 3708 7201 240 5610 32120 58140 33984 5040 (1) The second-order Eulerian triangle (OEIS A008517) is the number triangle ...

The second Zagreb index for a graph with vertex count n and vertex degrees d_i for i=1, ..., n is defined by Z_2=sum_((i,j) in E(G))d_id_j, where E(G) is the edge set of G.

An orientable surface with one boundary component such that the boundary component of the surface is a given knot K. In 1934, Seifert proved that such a surface can be ...