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A bicentric quadrilateral, also called a cyclic-inscriptable quadrilateral, is a four-sided bicentric polygon. The inradius r, circumradius R, and offset x are connected by ...

In a dynamical system, a bifurcation is a period doubling, quadrupling, etc., that accompanies the onset of chaos. It represents the sudden appearance of a qualitatively ...

The biggest little polygon with n sides is the convex plane n-gon of unit polygon diameter having largest possible area. Reinhardt (1922) showed that for n odd, the regular ...

Bilinski (1960) noted that by collapsing any one of the five zones of the rhombic icosahedron, a second rhombic dodecahedron distinct from the dual polyhedron of the ...

Roman (1984, p. 26) defines "the" binomial identity as the equation p_n(x+y)=sum_(k=0)^n(n; k)p_k(y)p_(n-k)(x). (1) Iff the sequence p_n(x) satisfies this identity for all y ...

There are several related series that are known as the binomial series. The most general is (x+a)^nu=sum_(k=0)^infty(nu; k)x^ka^(nu-k), (1) where (nu; k) is a binomial ...

A bitangent is a line that is tangent to a curve at two distinct points. Aa general plane quartic curve has 28 bitangents in the complex projective plane. However, as shown ...

The Blancmange function, also called the Takagi fractal curve (Peitgen and Saupe 1988), is a pathological continuous function which is nowhere differentiable. Its name ...

A board is a subset of the polygons determined by a number of (usually regularly spaced and oriented) lines. These polygons form the spaces on which "pieces" can be placed ...

A two-dimensional binary (k=2) totalistic cellular automaton with a von Neumann neighborhood of range r=1. It has a birth rule that at least 2 of its 4 neighbors are alive, ...