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In Euclidean space R^3, the curve that minimizes the distance between two points is clearly a straight line segment. This can be shown mathematically as follows using ...

A point group is a group of symmetry operations which all leave at least one point unmoved. Although an isolated object may have an arbitrary Schönflies symbol, the ...

In finding the average area A^__R of a triangle chosen from a closed, bounded, convex region R of the plane, then A^__(T(R))=A^__R, for T any nonsingular affine ...

Let u and v be any functions of a set of variables (q_1,...,q_n,p_1,...,p_n). Then the expression ...

A second-order partial differential equation arising in physics, del ^2psi=-4pirho. If rho=0, it reduces to Laplace's equation. It is also related to the Helmholtz ...

In elliptic n-space, the flat pole of an (n-1)-flat is a point located an arc length of pi/2 radians distant from each point of the (n-1)-flat. For an n-dimensional spherical ...

There are two different definitions of "polar vector." In elementary math, the term "polar vector" is used to refer to a representation of a vector as a vector magnitude ...

A polar zonohedron is a convex zonohedron derived from the star which joins opposite vertices of any right n-gonal prism (for n even) or antiprism (for n odd). The faces of ...

A prime factorization algorithm which can be implemented in a single-step or double-step form. In the single-step version, a prime factor p of a number n can be found if p-1 ...

The conjecture due to Pollock (1850) that every number is the sum of at most five tetrahedral numbers (Dickson 2005, p. 23; incorrectly described as "pyramidal numbers" and ...