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If y has period 2pi, y^' is L^2, and int_0^(2pi)ydx=0, (1) then int_0^(2pi)y^2dx<int_0^(2pi)y^('2)dx (2) unless y=Acosx+Bsinx (3) (Hardy et al. 1988). Another inequality ...

Wolfram's iteration is an algorithm for computing the square root of a rational number 1<=r<4 using properties of the binary representation of r. The algorithm begins with ...

The Wolstenholme numbers are defined as the numerators of the generalized harmonic number H_(n,2) appearing in Wolstenholme's theorem. The first few are 1, 5, 49, 205, 5269, ...

If p is a prime >3, then the numerator of the harmonic number H_(p-1)=1+1/2+1/3+...+1/(p-1) (1) is divisible by p^2 and the numerator of the generalized harmonic number ...

Let f be a real-valued, continuous, and strictly increasing function on [0,c] with c>0. If f(0)=0, a in [0,c], and b in [0,f(c)], then int_0^af(x)dx+int_0^bf^(-1)(x)dx>=ab, ...

Given two additive groups (or rings, or modules, or vector spaces) A and B, the map f:A-->B such that f(a)=0 for all a in A is called the zero map. It is a homomorphism in ...

Spinor fields describing particles of zero rest mass satisfy the so-called zero rest mass equations. Examples of zero rest mass particles include the neutrino (a fermion) and ...

A function that can be defined as a Dirichlet series, i.e., is computed as an infinite sum of powers, F(n)=sum_(k=1)^infty[f(k)]^n, where f(k) can be interpreted as the set ...

A type of compact surface studied by German mathematician Otto Zoll following an idea of Darboux. It is characterized by the property that all its geodesics are closed and of ...

The d-analog of a complex number s is defined as [s]_d=1-(2^d)/(s^d) (1) (Flajolet et al. 1995). For integer n, [2]!=1 and [n]_d! = [3][4]...[n] (2) = ...