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There are two important theorems known as Herbrand's theorem. The first arises in ring theory. Let an ideal class be in A if it contains an ideal whose lth power is ...

A Laurent polynomial with coefficients in the field F is an algebraic object that is typically expressed in the form ...+a_(-n)t^(-n)+a_(-(n-1))t^(-(n-1))+... ...

The Longuet-Higgins circle is the radical circle of the circles centered at the vertices A, B, and C of a reference triangle with respective radii b+c, c+a, and a+b. Its ...

The Longuet-Higgins point is the radical center of the circles centered at the vertices A, B, and C of a reference triangle with respective radii b+c, c+a, and a+b. It has ...

The principal theorem of axonometry, first published without proof by Pohlke in 1860. It states that three segments of arbitrary length a^'x^', a^'y^', and a^'z^' which are ...

The nth roots of unity are roots e^(2piik/n) of the cyclotomic equation x^n=1, which are known as the de Moivre numbers. The notations zeta_k, epsilon_k, and epsilon_k, where ...

The time required for a given principal to double (assuming n=1 conversion period) for compound interest is given by solving 2P=P(1+r)^t, (1) or t=(ln2)/(ln(1+r)), (2) where ...

A proper ideal I of a ring R is called semiprime if, whenever J^n subset I for an ideal J of R and some positive integer, then J subset I. In other words, the quotient ring ...

A short exact sequence of groups A, B, and C is given by two maps alpha:A->B and beta:B->C and is written 0->A->B->C->0. (1) Because it is an exact sequence, alpha is ...

Let A be an n×n matrix over a field F. Using the three elementary row and column operations over elements in the field, the n×n matrix xI-A with entries from the principal ...