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The operation of taking an nth root of a number.

The sum of the reciprocals of roots of an equation equals the negative coefficient of the linear term in the Maclaurin series.

The function f(x,y)=(1-x)^2+100(y-x^2)^2 that is often used as a test problem for optimization algorithms (where a variation with 100 replaced by 105 is sometimes used; ...

The period for a quasiperiodic trajectory to pass through the same point in a surface of section. If the rotation number is irrational, the trajectory will densely fill out a ...

The curve b(u) in the ruled surface parameterization x(u,v)=b(u)+vd(u) is called the directrix (or base curve).

One of the straight lines sweeping out a ruled surface. The rulings on a ruled surface are asymptotic curves.

A generalized hypergeometric function _pF_q[alpha_1,alpha_2,...,alpha_p; beta_1,beta_2,...,beta_q;z], is said to be Saalschützian if it is k-balanced with k=1, ...

A point of a function or surface which is a stationary point but not an extremum. An example of a one-dimensional function with a saddle point is f(x)=x^3, which has f^'(x) = ...

An odd Walsh function with sequency k defined by Sal(n,k)=W(n,2k).

The set of "critical values" of a map u:R^n->R^n of map class C^1 has Lebesgue measure 0 in R^n.