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Eisenstein's irreducibility criterion is a sufficient condition assuring that an integer polynomial p(x) is irreducible in the polynomial ring Q[x]. The polynomial ...

The Jacobi symbol (a/y)=chi(y) as a number theoretic character can be extended to the Kronecker symbol (f(a)/y)=chi^*(y) so that chi^*(y)=chi(y) whenever chi(y)!=0. When y is ...

Given binomial coefficient (N; k), write N-k+i=a_ib_i, for 1<=i<=k, where b_i contains only those prime factors >k. Then the number of i for which b_i=1 (i.e., for which all ...

Mills' theorem states that there exists a real constant A such that |_A^(3^n)_| is prime for all positive integers n (Mills 1947). While for each value of c>=2.106, there are ...

Let p_i denote the ith prime, and write m=product_(i)p_i^(v_i). Then the exponent vector is v(m)=(v_1,v_2,...).

Hoggatt and Denman (1961) showed that any obtuse triangle can be divided into eight acute isosceles triangles. There are 1, 4, 23, 180, 1806, 20198, ... (OEIS A056814) ...

The Legendre symbol is a number theoretic function (a/p) which is defined to be equal to +/-1 depending on whether a is a quadratic residue modulo p. The definition is ...

If q_n is the nth prime such that M_(q_n) is a Mersenne prime, then q_n∼(3/2)^n. It was modified by Wagstaff (1983) to yield Wagstaff's conjecture, q_n∼(2^(e^(-gamma)))^n, ...

The decimal period of a repeating decimal is the number of digits that repeat. For example, 1/3=0.3^_ has decimal period one, 1/11=0.09^_ has decimal period two, and ...

A general reciprocity theorem for all orders which covered all other known reciprocity theorems when proved by E. Artin in 1927. If R is a number field and R^' a finite ...